![]() ![]() In normal pruning operations, make proper cuts (i.e., do not leave stubs or do not make “flat cuts” that remove the branch collar where healing would normally occur) and do not prune in wet weather.Prevention is the key to managing Cytospora Cytospora canker is very common in Utah’s peach and apricot orchards, as well as on backyard trees. Gumming from cytospora is dark amber in color, and if you scrape the bark off, the dead phloem will appear cinnamon brown in color. To determine cytospora canker, scrape off the bark under the oozing to look for cinnamon-brown (dead) tissue. The pathogen kills the bark and underlying wood, and the tree oozes gum at the infection site as a defensive measure. It is caused by a fungus ( Cytospora) that infects bark through an existing wound such as pruning cuts, sunscald injury, cold injury, hail, deer rubs, etc. The most common cause of gumming on stone fruits is a disease called cytospora canker. By the end of the summer, it will have become almost rock-hard. The oozing of gum is generically referred to as gummosis and it can be clear or dark amber in color. Gumming on stone fruits (peach, apricot, plum) is very common, and most evident in spring as the sap starts to flow. Gummosis Dark gumming is associated with cytospora canker, especially during spring. Potassium bicarbonate (organic Monterey Bi-Carb, Garden-Ville): apply every 7 days as needed.Neem oil or 1% horticultural oil (organic many brands): apply every 3 to 5 days as needed, but notwhen temperatures will reach 85 F within 4 hours of application.Sulfur (organic many brands): apply every 10 days as needed.Spectracide Immunox: separate applications by at least 14 days and apply as needed.For each product, there is a range of days after the treatment name that shows how long the protection interval lasts. TreatmentĬommercial growers: treatment options are shown by clicking here. If trees are in bloom, and you find powdery mildew, consider a fungicide application after bloom, with a second application about 5 to 14 days later, depending on the product used (see below).Ĭortland, Idared, Gingergold, Braeburn, Gala, and Jonagold are all varieties that are more susceptible. If your apples have had powdery mildew in the past, look for infections now. If left untreated, new infections can occur all summer long, just from humidity within the tree canopy. apply fungicide after bloomĪpple powdery mildew overwinters on twigs, and as a result, new infections can occur very early in the season. Zions Canyon area (Springdale): May 1-3Īpple Powdery Mildew Powdery mildew shows up on newer foliage first, and can spread all summer long, depending on humidity.Options of spray materials can be found on the codling moth table on this post. However, warmer weather is coming, and we will provide the information as soon as we know.įor southern Utah locations, the dates to apply your first spray of the season are shown below. As of now, we have not caught any moths yet in northern Utah. ![]() Once those traps catch moths, we can then run the calculations to determine the dates. To determine the codling moth spray dates, we hang monitoring traps in Utah orchards. no action to take now in northern Utah dates in southern Utah shown below Prune out new infections immediately (on a dry day).Ĭodling Moth Codling moth larvae feed on seeds inside the fruit. (Although if necessary, most garden centers carry streptomycin.) Instead, monitor trees closely starting two weeks after full bloom (which is when infections start to become visible). Most diligent backyard growers should not need to apply an antibiotic.One application can be a mix of oxytetracycline and streptomycin. Where resistance occurs, producers should use oxytetracycline (MycoShield) and/or Kasumin. For commercial producers, most areas (except the southern part of Utah County, which has resistance) can use streptomycin.You can watch fire blight predictions on Utah TRAPs by selecting a location closest to you, and then selecting “fire blight” under the Pest drop down menu. If you have trees or orchards that were affected by fire blight in the past, consider an antibiotic application today or tomorrow, with a re-application on Monday or Tuesday, if there are flowers and a chance of moisture. Irrigation can also contribute to spread. In addition, moisture is required, so check your local forecast to see if rain (or heavy morning dew) is predicted. Remember that open blossoms are required for infection. The risk is determined from a formula that is based on temperatures over the past 4 days. For most areas of Utah, the risk of fire blight is HIGH to EXTREME through May 4. Bacteria are spread from flower to flower by wind-driven rain, and by pollinating insects.ĭuring apple and pear bloom, fire blight infections are a risk when conditions are warm and wet. Fire blight infections happen through flowers. ![]()
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